Pob zeb diamond yog ib qho - cov khoom siv lead ua uas muaj cov pa roj carbon. Nws yog lub hardest paub ntxhia nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tuaj yeem suav nrog hauv cov qauv thiab cov khoom siv physicochemical:
1. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Crystal Structure
Cov pa roj carbon atoms hauv pob zeb diamond tsim ib lub tetrahedral peb -sib nqus qauv network los ntawm sp³ hybridization. Txhua cov pa roj carbon atom tsim covalent bonds nrog plaub puag ncig cov pa roj carbon atom, uas yog cov isometric crystal system (cubic crystal system). Ntuj crystals feem ntau nthuav tawm octahedral, dodecahedral, los yog hexoctahedral morphologies, thiab lub ntsej muag siv lead ua feem ntau qhia cov yam ntxwv sib npaug.
2. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev
Hardness: Nrog Mohs hardness ntawm 10, nws yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws uas tshwm sim. Nws cov microhardness tuaj yeem ncav cuag 7000-10000 kg / mm², nrog lub ntsej muag octahedral siv lead ua nthuav tawm qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws.
Optical Properties: Nws muaj qhov ntsuas siab siab ntawm 2.417 thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm 0.044, muaj qhov tshwj xeeb adamantine luster. Nws lub ntsej muag siv lead ua tuaj yeem decompose lub teeb dawb, tsim kom muaj kev tawg (qhov hluav taws kub). Pob zeb diamond ntshiab tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab; Cov kab sib txawv tuaj yeem faib cov xim sib txawv xws li daj, xim av, xiav, thiab liab.
Lwm Cov Khoom Siv Lub Cev: Nws muaj qhov ntom ntom ntawm kwv yees li 3.52 g / cm³, thermal conductivity zoo heev (kwv yees li 2000 W / m·K ntawm chav tsev kub, txog li plaub npaug ntawm tooj liab), tsis yog -conductive, thiab muaj oleophilic, hydrophobic, thiab triboelectric zog.
Luminescence: Nws nthuav tawm daj ntseg xiav phosphorescence thaum raug tshav ntuj thiab feem ntau fluoresces ntuj xiav nyob rau hauv X-ray irradiation.
3. Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj
Nws yog tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov thiab tsis hnov mob nrog acids lossis alkalis ntawm chav sov. Nws yog ib qho inert carbon caij, tsuas muaj me me ntawm impurity ntsiab xws li Si, Mg, Al, N, thiab B. Cov hom impurities cuam tshuam rau hom thiab xim ntawm pob zeb diamond.
